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FOI 7831-25 CSE CAWN by Ethnicity 2016 to 2025

Request to Northamptonshire Police

I wish to make a freedom of information request and would be grateful if you could supply the following information within twenty working days:

a) The number of cases with a 'CSE flag' applied for the calendar years 2020 - 2024.

b) A breakdown by ethnicity of perpetrators for those cases applied a CSE flag.

c) The number of “live” group-based CSE investigations led by your force for the years 2020 - 2024, including those progressing through the criminal justice system. “Group based”, in this context, means those crimes involving two or more offenders. If possible, broken down by the number of individuals in each “group”/gang.

d) The number of safeguarding referrals received 2020 - 2024 for children because of sexual exploitation concerns.

e) The number of Child Abduction Warning Notices (CAWN) issued to adults 2014 - 2025, and a breakdown by ethnicity of those presented with one.

Response

Unfortunately, Northamptonshire Police are unable to provide you with the information requested because it is not held in an easily retrievable format. Extensive liaison with our data analysts concludes that compliance with your request would a manual review of an indeterminate number of emails between our partner agencies and our Child Exploitation Hub.

We estimate that this manual trawl would exceed the appropriate cost limit of £450 and time limit of 18 hours of work.

Additionally, we cannot provide you with information regarding the ethnicities of perpetrators for cases flagged as CSE as this information is not recorded mandatorily. This is because the UK General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) classifies religious or philosophical beliefs and racial or ethnic origin (which includes nationality) as "special categories of personal data". These categories of data can only be collected and processed if there is a clear, necessary, and legal reason such as the investigation of an alleged hate crime. For most criminal investigations, a person's religion or nationality is irrelevant to the elements of the crime itself.

Accordingly, please accept this Refusal Notice under s12(1) of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (The Act).

We always strive to provide the highest level of service that we can with the finite resources at our disposal. Our Duty to offer advice and assistance to help you revise your request as outlined in s16 of The Act cannot be fulfilled due to the unknown number of emails to be manually reviewed. In terms of perpetrator ethnicity, we can also not guarantee the accuracy of data available for the aforementioned reasons.